（1) The nature and quantity of wire breakage in steel wire ropes - For 6-strand and 8-strand steel wire ropes, wire breakage mainly occurs on the surface. However, for multi-layer strand steel wire ropes (typical multi-strand structures), this type of wire rope breakage mostly occurs internally and is therefore an "invisible" fracture. The following table considers these factors, so when combined with the factors in models 252-2511, it is applicable to various structures of steel wire ropes.

(2) Local aggregation of broken wires - If the broken wires are tightly packed together to form local aggregation, the wire rope should be scrapped. If such broken wires gather within a rope length range of less than 6d or are concentrated in any rope strand, even if the number of broken wires is less than the values listed in the table, the steel wire rope should be scrapped.

(3) The increase rate of broken wires and the breakage of rope strands - fatigue are the main causes of wire rope damage. Broken wires only begin to appear after a period of use, but the number of broken wires gradually increases and the time interval becomes shorter and shorter. In this case, in order to determine the increase rate of wire breakage, it is necessary to carefully inspect and record the increase in wire breakage. (4) Reduction in rope diameter due to damage to the core - When the fiber core of the wire rope is damaged or the steel core is broken, resulting in a significant reduction in rope diameter, the wire rope should be scrapped. Minor damage, especially when the stress in all strands is in good balance, may not be apparent using conventional inspection methods. However, this situation can cause a significant decrease in the strength of the wire rope.

(5) Reduced elasticity - In some cases (usually related to the working environment), the elasticity of steel wire ropes can be significantly reduced, and it is unsafe to continue using them. The decrease in elasticity of steel wire ropes is difficult to detect. If the inspector has any doubts, they should seek the advice of steel wire rope experts. However, a decrease in elasticity is usually accompanied by the following phenomena:

(6) External and internal wear - There are two types of wear that occur: internal wear and indentation, which are caused by the friction between the various strands of the rope and the steel wire, especially when the steel wire rope is subjected to bending. The wear of the steel wire surface on the outer strand of the steel wire rope is caused by the friction between it and the groove of the pulley and drum under pressure. This phenomenon is particularly evident at the contact area between the steel wire rope and the pulley during acceleration and deceleration of the lifting load, and is manifested as the external steel wire being ground into a flat shape.

(7) Wire rope deformation - visible deformation caused by the loss of normal shape of the wire rope is called "deformation". This deformed part (or deformed part) may cause changes, which can lead to uneven stress distribution inside the wire rope.

The deformation of steel wire rope can be distinguished from its appearance and can mainly be divided into the following types: a wave shaped deformation is that the longitudinal axis of the steel wire rope forms a spiral shape. This deformation may not necessarily result in any loss of strength, but if the deformation is severe, it can cause bouncing and irregular transmission. Over time, it can cause wear and wire breakage. When waves appear, within the range of wire rope length not exceeding 25d, if d1 ≥ 4d/3, the wire rope should be scrapped. In the formula, d is the nominal diameter of the steel wire rope; A is the diameter of the wire rope after deformation. The deformation of cage like deformation occurs on steel wire ropes with steel cores. This deformation occurs when the outer rope strand becomes detached or becomes longer than the inner rope strand. Steel wire ropes with cage shaped distortion should be immediately scrapped. The extrusion of C-strand and steel wire is usually accompanied by cage like distortion. The extrusion of the rope strand indicates that the steel wire rope is unbalanced. The steel wire rope extruded from the rope strand should be immediately scrapped.